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- Christiane Schmidtmer was born in Mannheim, Germany. She took acting lessons in Munich and worked in the stage in Germany from 1961-1963, then turned to photographic modeling for German nude magazines and later, Playboy. She also modeled for advertising companies, namely Max Factor cosmetics, before she started her movie career.
She was the beautiful mistress of José Ferrer in Ship of Fools (1965), but most people will remember her as the evil wardress in the exploitation women-in-prison film, The Big Doll House (1971), as well as one of the three airline stewardesses in Boeing, Boeing (1965). - George S. Patton III was a highly successful and highly controversial general who held Corps- and Army-level commands during World War II. Because of his great competence as a battlefield commander, Patton might have led the American troops during the invasion of Normandy; however, his impolitic ways and a degree of emotional instability (which manifested itself in the slapping of two soldiers suffering from shell-shock at an Army field hospital) put the kibosh on that. Patton was relieved of his command and put on ice for many months in order to recuperate. Instead, the command of the American forces on D-Day, went to his former deputy in North Africa, Omar N. Bradley.
Patton was known as "Blood & Guts" ("Our blood, his guts"), was a common gripe among his troops for his hard-driving discipline, which paid off in lower casualties and great success on the battlefield. With the exception of Douglas MacArthur, Patton ranks as the greatest general the United States put on the field during the Second World War. Patton achieved four-star rank for his battlefield exploits as one of the best commanders of mechanized forces on either side during the War. He succeeded Dwight D. Eisenhower as the Military Governor of the U.S. Occupation Zone in Germany, when Ike -- a five-star general -- was promoted to Army Chief of Staff.
On December 9, 1945, Patton became seriously injured after his automobile crashed with an American army truck at low speed. He began bleeding from a gash on his head, and complained that he was paralyzed and having trouble breathing. Taken to a hospital in Heidelberg, Patton was discovered to have a compression fracture and dislocation of the cervical third fourth vertebrae, resulting in a broken neck and cervical spinal cord injury that rendered him paralyzed from the neck down. He spent most of the next twelve days in spinal traction to decrease the pressure on his spine. He died at age 60 in his sleep of pulmonary edema and congestive heart failure.
On December 24, 1945, General George S. Patton was buried at the Luxembourg American Cemetery and Memorial alongside some wartime casualties of the Third Army, in accordance with his request to "be buried with his men". He was immortalized in the 1970 eponymous epic film, which won seven Academy Awards, including Best Picture and Best Actor (George C. Scott). This was President Richard Nixon's favorite film. - Actor
- Director
- Writer
Widely known for his frequent collaborations with Rainer Werner Fassbinder, a creative partnership which lasted 10 years and produced over 20 films, Ulli Lommel is one of the most consistently creative filmmakers to come from the New German Cinema movement.
The son of German comic performer Ludwig Manfred Lommel, Ulli Lommel began his career in show business as a child. His second feature film as a director Tenderness of the Wolves (1973) brought Lommel to New York, where he began working with Andy Warhol at The Factory. The Warhol / Lommel years spawned several features, including Cocaine Cowboys (1979) and Blank Generation (1980), both of which were directed by Lommel and feature Warhol in an acting role.
In the summer of 2013 Lommel went for nine months to Brazil, where he wrote a book and also made a film about Campo Bahia, the official camp for the German National Soccer Team. His autobiography, entitled Tenderness of the Wolves, is due out in late 2015.- Actor
- Soundtrack
Born in Nuremberg on February 27, 1910, the son of a school teacher, well-known German actor Wolfgang Preiss started studying philosophy and theatre sciences alternately (including dance training) and made his stage debut in 1932 in Munich. He appeared in many theatres throughout his country in the 30s including Heidelberg, Bonn, Bremen, Stuttgart, Baden-Baden and Berlin.
Beginning in a couple of early 1940s German films, WWII interrupted Preiss' movie output for quite some time, but, in many ways, the war never left him, for he would continue playing war-time colonels, generals, and field marshals for the duration of his prolific career.
Following more theatre and radio work, Preiss returned to post-war German filming and was seldom seen out of uniform with a mass of pictures including Deadly Decision (1954), The Plot to Assassinate Hitler (1955) (starring role), Der Cornet - Die Weise von Liebe und Tod (1955), Anastasia: The Czar's Last Daughter (1956), Stresemann (1957), Haie und kleine Fische (1957) and I Was All His (1958). His diabolical tendencies also lent to his casting as the title criminal mastermind in a series of mystery films: The 1,000 Eyes of Dr. Mabuse (1960), The Return of Dr. Mabuse (1961), The Invisible Dr. Mabuse (1962), The Terror of Doctor Mabuse (1962) and Dr. Mabuse vs. Scotland Yard (1963).
Preiss continued to keep his Nazi uniform starched and pressed as he branched out internationally for such 1960's war films as The Counterfeit Traitor (1962), The Longest Day (1962), The Cardinal (1963), The Train (1964), Von Ryan's Express (1965), Is Paris Burning? (1966), Anzio (1968) and Battle of the Commandos (1969). As the nemesis of such American heroes as William Holden, Burt Lancaster, Frank Sinatra, Robert Mitchum and Peter Falk, he moved into the next decade with portrayals of Rommel in Raid on Rommel (1971) starring Richard Burton and Field Marshal Von Rundstedt in Richard Attenborough's A Bridge Too Far (1977) which featured an international star cast.
Preiss would appear in over 100 German and continental productions in his lifetime. Other popular filming would include featured roles in The Salzburg Connection (1972), The Boys from Brazil (1978), Bloodline (1979) and The Formula (1980). In his twilight years, Preiss turned more and more to TV as part of the ensemble casts of the quality miniseries Wallenstein (1978), The Winds of War (1983) and War and Remembrance (1988). He ended his career with a role in the French adventure movie drama Aire libre (1996).
Preiss died on November 27, 2002, at the age of 92, as the result of a fall. Married three times, he was survived by his third wife, Ruth, whom he married in 1955.- The blond, steely-eyed bad guy of European westerns and potboilers was born in Lübeck, Germany, the son of a porcelain painter. Horst Frank financed his acting studies by working part-time as a babysitter and night watchman. He actually failed his final exams at the Musikhochschule Hamburg, but nonetheless managed to secure an acting position in his home town. For some time after, his work was primarily confined to small parts on stage and in radio. His first screen role saw him as a cowardly pilot in Der Stern von Afrika (1957). Frank then won a critic's award for his next role as member of a U-Boat crew in the war drama Haie und kleine Fische (1957).
Of athletic, lithe build and owner of a somewhat cold, hypnotic gaze (with a voice to match), Frank soon found himself typecast to disturbingly good effect as psychotic murderers in German and international productions (The Black Panther of Ratana (1963), Das Mädchen vom Moorhof (1958), Der Greifer (1958)). Alternatively, he proved an ideal henchman for spaghetti westerns (Bullets Don't Argue (1964), Johnny Hamlet (1968) and Django, Prepare a Coffin (1968)). Frank didn't seem to mind turning out copies of the same negative in a seemingly endless gallery of ruthless killers and impassive assassins. He did so with relish well into the 1980's and 90's, enjoying guest spots on popular TV crime time shows like Tatort (1970) and Derrick (1974). If Horst Frank was in the cast, you knew pretty much from the start 'whodunnit'.
Behind the menacing heavy, there was a family man and author of poems and chansons. In addition to his screen acting, Frank lent his voice to dubbing work (for the likes of fellow tough guys Jack Palance, Ernest Borgnine and Chuck Connors); and to radio, where he voiced Captain Nemo in "20,000 Leagues Under the Sea" and "The Mysterious Island".
Likely because of his lack of work in major American or British productions, Frank never quite achieved the international recognition he undoubtedly deserved. He died quite suddenly in May 1999 of a brain hemorrhage, just short of his 70th birthday. - Writer
- Actor
- Script and Continuity Department
Anton Pavlovich Chekhov was born in 1860, the third of six children to a family of a grocer, in Taganrog, Russia, a southern seaport and resort on the Azov Sea. His father, a 3rd-rank Member of the Merchant's Guild, was a religious fanatic and a tyrant who used his children as slaves. Young Chekhov was a part-time assistant in his father's business and also a singer in a church choir. At age 15, he was abandoned by his bankrupt father and lived alone for 3 years while finishing the Classical Gymnazium in Taganrog. Chekhov obtained a scholarship at the Moscow University Medical School in 1879, from which he graduated in 1884 as a Medical Doctor. He practiced general medicine for about ten years.
While a student, Chekhov published numerous short stories and humorous sketches under a pseudonym. He reserved his real name for serious medical publications, saying "medicine is my wife; literature - a mistress." While a doctor, he kept writing and had success with his first books, and his first play "Ivanov." He gradually decreased his medical practice in favor of writing. Chekhov created his own style based on objectivity, brevity, originality, and compassion. It was different from the mainstream Russian literature's scrupulous analytical depiction of "heroes." Chekhov used a delicate fabric of hints, subtle nuances in dialogs, and precise details. He described his original style as an "objective manner of writing." He avoided stereotyping and instructive political messages in favor of cool comic irony. Praised by writers Lev Tolstoy and Nikolai Leskov, he was awarded the Pushkin Prize from the Russian Academy of Sciences in 1888.
In 1890, Chekhov made a lengthy journey to Siberia and to the remote prison-island of Sakhalin. There, he surveyed thousands of convicts and conducted research for a dissertation about the life of prisoners. His research grew bigger than a dissertation, and in 1894, he published a detailed social-analytical essay on the Russian penitentiary system in Siberia and the Far East, titled "Island of Sakhalin." Chekhov's valuable research was later used and quoted by Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn in his "Gulag Archipelago." In 1897-1899, Chekhov returned to his medical practice in order to stop the epidemic of cholera.
Chekhov developed special relationship with Stanislavsky and Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko at the Moscow Art Theater. He emerged as a mature playwright who influenced the modern theater. In the plays "Uncle Vanya," "Three Sisters," "Seagull," and "Cherry Orchard," he mastered the use of understatement, anticlimax, and implied emotion. The leading actress of the Moscow Art Theater, Olga Knipper-Chekhova, became his wife. In 1898, Chekhov moved to his Mediterranean-style home at the Black Sea resort of Yalta in the Crimea. There he was visited by writers Lev Tolstoy, Maxim Gorky, Ivan Bunin, and artists Konstantin Korovin and Isaac Levitan.- Actress
- Soundtrack
Marika Rokk was born in Cairo on the 3rd of November 1913. As a child she moved to Hungary. In Paris at the Moulin Rouge she started her career as a dancer, soon moving on to Broadway New York City, USA.
She made her first films Why Sailors Leave Home (1930) in London, & also Kiss Me Sergeant (1930) in London, U.K.
After that she made 2 very fine films in Hungary, her home.
Miss Rokk made her first German film: Light Cavalry (1935) in 1935 it made her a Star overnight. Soon she married German Film Director Georg Jacoby and her 2nd German film was Der Bettelstudent (1936), directed by him.
In 1939 she made It Was a Gay Ballnight (1939) with superstar Zarah Leander and started filming the first German color film Frauen sind doch bessere Diplomaten (1941) which was finished and released two years later.
The couple had one child, Gabriele Jacoby. Miss Rökk also married Fred Raul. She retired from films in the 1960s but continued to perform in Operetta's like "Die Blume von Hawaii" & others on the stage across Europe before retiring to Baden, Austria. She died of a heart attack May 16, 2004.- Brigitte Skay was born on 18 July 1940 in Mannheim, Germany. She was an actress, known for The Love Factor (1969), Isabella, Duchess of the Devils (1969) and A Bay of Blood (1971). She died on 19 November 2012 in Weinheim, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
- Actress
- Director
- Producer
Vera Glagoleva was born on 31 January 1956 in Moscow, Russian SFSR, USSR [now Russia]. She was an actress and director, known for Odna voyna (2009), Zakaz (2005) and Two Women (2014). She was married to Kirill Shubsky and Rodion Nakhapetov. She died on 16 August 2017 in Baden-Baden, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.- Director
- Animation Department
- Writer
Lotte Reiniger was born on 2 June 1899 in Berlin, Germany. She was a director and writer, known for Silhouetten (1936), Der Graf von Carabas (1935) and Lotte Reiniger - The Fairy Tale Films (1961). She was married to Carl Koch. She died on 19 June 1981 in Dettenhausen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.- Writer
- Actor
- Music Department
Born 1929 in Germany as son of a surrealist painter who was banned by the Nazis in 1936. Went to Waldorf-school and deserted when he was called to the army at age of 16 in 1945. After the war he became an actor, critic and finally writer. His first big success was the children's book "Jim Knopf und Lukas der Lokomotivfuehrer" (Jim Knopf and Lukas the Engine-driver). Although he got much praise and many awards he remained modest, almost shy, preferring his fantasy world but still keeping an eye on the real world in his stories.- Vilma Degischer was, first of all, a famous and a very good theatre actress. She was born in Vienna on November, the 17th 1911. After attending school, she wanted to be a dancer and was taught ballet by Grete Gross, Gertrude Bodenwieser and Ellinor Tordis. However, after some time, she found the acting talent in herself.
She decided to attend the Wiener Reinhardt Seminar where she learned how to be a good actress. After graduating from the seminar, she played in various Austrian and German theatres, especially in Berlin, Vienna and Salzburg. Here, it is important to mention her debut in Berlin in 1930s where she played Hermia in Shakespeare's Midsummer Night's Dream. It was directed by Max Reinhardt.
The first turning point in her theatre career was the year 1939 when she started to actively work in the Viennese theatre "Theater in der Josefstadt." She stayed there for long and up till now her name is well remembered there. Vilma became a "salondame" and got a number of main roles in plays. Above all, it is necessary to mention such roles as Helen in "Der Schwierige", Generalin in "Der Walzer der Toreros", unforgettable Königin in "Die Jüdin von Toledo", Marie in "Das Konzert" or Mother Carmen in "Maria Pineda".
Later, in the 1940s Vilma Degischer broadened her repertoire and started to play in musicals, films, and even some mini series. Most people probably remember her portrayal of the cruel archduchess Sophie in Ernst Marischka's three parts of "Sissi" (1955, 1956, 1957) with Romy Schneider and Karlheinz Böhm. Besides, there were other roles in movies: as Livia Argan in Ernst Marischka's beautiful movie interpretation of Franz Werfel's "Der veruntreute Himmel" (1958) with Annie Rosar and Hans Holt; as sister Wilhelmina in Otto Preminger's "The Cardinal" (1963) with Romy Schneider; as Mrs. Shelby in "Uncle Tom's Cabin" (1965) and many other roles. At the end of her life, one could admire her in a minor role in the mini series "The Strauss Dynasty" (1991) by Marvin J. Chomsky with Anthony Higgins and Stephen McGann.
Vilma Degischer died on May, the 3rd 1992 at the age of 80. She was married once to the actor Hermann Thimig with whom she had two daughters. In her long career, she was awarded with the "Ehrenkreuz für Wissenschaft und Kunst erster Klasse", "Kainz Medaille" and was given a title "Kamerschauspielerin".
People who remember her know how much she appreciated elegance, perfection of acting, good manners, and culture. She will always be remembered by people who share her values. A great actress from a great country! - Actor
- Writer
- Soundtrack
Hans Holt was born on 22 November 1909 in Vienna, Austria-Hungary [now Austria]. He was an actor and writer, known for Wen die Götter lieben (1942), The Mozart Story (1948) and The Trapp Family (1956). He was married to Renate Bremer. He died on 3 August 2001 in Baden, Lower Austria, Austria.- Proficient in Greek and Latin and self-taught in classic literature, Sonja Sutter was a captivating actress who achieved dramatic depths on both stage and screen during a career which commenced in 1951. A banker's daughter, she had completed a rudimentary education in her home town (Freiburg) where she also made her theatrical debut. She was 'discovered' for the screen by Luis Trenker during an audition for a Heimatfilm and passed along to the director Slatan Dudow who gave her a pivotal role in his post-war drama Frauenschicksale (1952). Affiliated with both East and West German cinema, Sutter then appeared in several prestige pictures, including Das Schweigen im Walde (1955) and Die Barrings (1955). Not until five years later did she get another opportunity to demonstrate her talent as the titular star of Lissy (1957), directed by Konrad Wolf. This anti-fascist drama, chronicling the lives of a working class family in 1930's Berlin under the Nazis, became one of Wolf's most famous films and was also the high point of Sutter's film career. Perhaps too closely identified with a particular type of character, she received fewer film offers from the West in the 60's. The creation of the Berlin Wall effectively ended her association with DEFA. Returning to the stage, Sutter became an ensemble member of the iconic Vienna Burgtheater in 1959. Her tenure with the company lasted four decades, with as many as seventy leading roles to her repertoire. She also regularly performed at the Salzburg Festival, her roles ranging from Strindberg's "Queen Christina" and Schiller's "Intrigue and Love" (Kabale und Liebe) to Gute Werke in Hugo von Hofmannsthal's medieval play "Everyman". Towards the end of her career, she concentrated increasingly on TV work, often guesting as genteel ladies in popular crime shows like Tatort (1970), Derrick (1974) and The Old Fox (1977).
- Annemarie Düringer was born on 26 November 1925 in Basel, Switzerland. She was an actress, known for Veronika Voss (1982), The Devil Strikes at Night (1957) and Vor Sonnenuntergang (1956). She died on 26 November 2014 in Baden, Lower Austria, Austria.
- Additional Crew
Erwin Rommel, aka "The Desert Fox", was one of Adolf Hitler's most able generals during WWII. He joined the German army in 1910 and won awards for bravery in WW I. He was in the 7th Tank Division at the outbreak of WW II and headed the push to the English Channel. Promoted to the rank of lieutenant general, Rommel led the German army in Africa (known as The Afrika Korps) in its mostly successful North African campaign. He drove the British in Libya back to to El Alamein. This led to his promotion to the rank of Field Marshal. Eventually outmaneuvered by British Gen. Bernard L. Montgomery, he returned to Germany, where he was given charge of the defense of northern France. Implicated in the July 1944 plot to assassinate Hitler, he chose suicide rather than execution.- Actor
- Writer
- Soundtrack
Erich Ponto was born on 14 December 1884 in Lübeck [now Schleswig-Holstein], Germany. He was an actor and writer, known for The Third Man (1949), Sky Without Stars (1955) and Schneider Wibbel (1939). He was married to Tony Kresse. He died on 4 February 1957 in Stuttgart, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.- Albrecht Schoenhals was born on 7 March 1888 in Mannheim, Germany. He was an actor, known for Pillars of Society (1935), Der Spieler (1938) and Stradivari (1935). He was married to Anneliese Born. He died on 4 December 1978 in Baden-Baden, Baden-Württemberg, West Germany.
- Nikos Kazantzakis was born in Heraklion, Crete (Greece). He studied Law in Athens and in Paris, but soon he studied philosophy and literature. He travelled almost everywhere; he learnt many foreign languages and left his scientific research for Nitsche. At philosophy: "Ascetics" (Salvatores Dei, 1927), script that expresses the writer's belief for metaphysics. At poetry: "The Odyssey" (1938) "Tertsines" and also some poetic works for theatre: "Protomastoras" (=foreman) "Melissa" (=Bee) "Julian" "Prometheus" etc. His novels are: "Alexis Zorbas" (1946) "O Xristos xanastavronetai" (=Christ is recrucified) (1948) "O ftoxoulis tou Theou" (=The God's poor man) (1952-3) "Anafora ston Greco (=Reference to Greco) (1961) He died in 1957.
- Director
- Actor
- Writer
Friedrich Feher was born on 16 March 1889 in Vienna, Austria-Hungary [now Austria]. He was a director and actor, known for The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari (1920), The Robber Symphony (1936) and William Tell (1913). He was married to Magda Sonja. He died on 30 September 1950 in Stuttgart, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.- Actor
- Soundtrack
Karl Obermayr was born on 4 April 1931 in Freising, Bavaria, Germany. He was an actor, known for Die letzten Jahre der Kindheit (1979), Monaco Franze - Der ewige Stenz (1983) and Lautlose Jagd (1965). He died on 3 June 1985 in Heidelberg, Baden-Württemberg, West Germany.- Carl Lange was born on 30 October 1909 in Flensburg, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. He was an actor, known for Mistress of the World (1960), Der seidene Schuh (1965) and Schloß Hubertus (1973). He died on 23 June 1999 in Ostfildern, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
- Hermine Sterler was born on 20 March 1894 in Bad Cannstatt [now Stuttgart], Germany. She was an actress, known for Te quiero con locura (1935), Little Mother (1935) and Rasputin, Demon with Women (1932). She died on 25 May 1982 in Stuttgart, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
- Stephen Crane was the 14th child of parents who were both writers. Descended from a line of soldiers and clergymen (his father, Rev. Jonathan T. Crane, was a Methodist minister), Crane inherited from his forebearers the obsessive subject of war, stoical compassion and, particularly in his poetry, a Biblical style. His short, phenomenal literary career, which began in 1891 when he quit Syracuse University as a freshman, yielded the novels "The Red Badge of Courage" (1895), "The Open Boat" (1898) and "The Blue Hotel" (1899), as well as two volumes of poetry. His novel "Maggie: A Girl of the Streets", reputed to have been written in two days in 1891, is often credited with starting the naturalistic tradition in American fiction. He worked as a reporter in New York and later as a foreign correspondent following the wars. During his brief residence in England he befriended Henry James, Joseph Conrad, H.G. Wells and F.M. Ford, who all recognized Crane's ruthless literary talent. His emergence as a fiction writer and poet was cut short when he died of tuberculosis at the tragically premature age of 28.
- Renate Schroeter was born on 27 September 1939 in Berlin, Germany. She was an actress, known for The Lacemaker (1977), Die Kleinbürger (1969) and Haus Herzenstod (1964). She died on 3 April 2017 in Freiburg im Breisgau, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
- Director
- Writer
- Cinematographer
Gregory J. Markopoulos was born on 12 March 1928 in Toledo, Ohio, USA. He was a director and writer, known for Galini (1958), Twice a Man (1963) and The Illiac Passion (1967). He died on 12 November 1992 in Freiburg im Breisgau, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.- Anton Pointecker was born on 16 April 1938 in Wildenau, Aspach, Upper Austria, Austria. He was an actor, known for Schloßhotel Orth (1996), Dahoam is Dahoam (2007) and Die Leute von St. Benedikt (1992). He died on 7 July 2008 in Ulm, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
- Fanny Schreck was born on 15 July 1877 in Ulm, Kingdom of Württemberg [now Baden-Württemberg], Germany. She was an actress, known for The Hunter of Fall (1936), Die Talfahrt des Severin Hoyey (1922) and The Girl from the Marsh Croft (1935). She was married to Max Schreck. She died on 11 December 1951 in Söflingen, Ulm, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
- Maria Wimmer was born on 27 January 1911 in Dresden, Saxony, Germany. She was an actress, known for Richelieu (1977), Glückliche Tage (1965) and Der große Zapfenstreich (1952). She was married to Otto Seemüller. She died on 4 January 1996 in Bühl, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
- Rosa Albach-Retty was born on 26 December 1874 in Hanau, Hesse, Germany. She was an actress, known for Geld auf der Straße (1930), Dreimal Hochzeit (1941) and Der Kongreß tanzt (1955). She was married to Karl Albach. She died on 26 August 1980 in Baden, Lower Austria, Austria.
- Director
- Producer
- Writer
Arnold Fanck was born March 6, 1889, in Frankenthal, Germany. A trained geologist, he began making documentary and action films after the end of World War I, and his love of geology inspired him to shoot his films in remote mountain locations. These pictures became immensely popular with the German audiences and led to what is known as the "mountain films", a genre that was pretty much begun by Fanck but carried on by other German and Austrian directors. Fanck worked most notably with Leni Riefenstahl, Georg Wilhelm Pabst and American director Tay Garnett.- Actor
- Director
- Writer
Hans D. Bornhauser was born on 13 October 1941. He was an actor and director, known for Der Bumsladen-Boß (1973), Hurra... die deutsche Sex-Partei (1974) and Sally - heiß wie ein Vulkan (1973). He died on 1 February 2016 in Reutlingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.- Edith Heerdegen was born on 2 July 1913 in Dresden, Germany. She was an actress, known for Der Fall Liebknecht-Luxemburg (1969), Der Teufelsschüler (1973) and Der Stoff aus dem die Träume sind (1972). She was married to Otto Böhm. She died on 13 July 1982 in Dachsberg, Baden-Württemberg, West Germany.
- Eva May was born Eva Maria Mandel on May 29, 1902 in Vienna, Austria. Her mother was actress Mia May and her father was producer and director Joe May. Eva made her film debut in her father's 1914 German film The Black Triangle. At the age of sixteen she married director Erik Lund. The couple worked together in numerous films including The Foolish Heart, Black Pearls, and The Bride Of The Incapacitated. She was directed by her father again in the 1920 drama The Legend Of Holly Simplicity,. The press called her "The German Mary Pickford". Unfortunately Eva developed a reputation for being difficult to work with. The young actress was also jealous of her mother's beauty and greater success. She divorced Erik in 1922 and married director Lothar Mendes. They split up a year later.
In 1923 she costarred with Lya De Putti in Die Fledermaus and with Conrad Veidt in Paganini. Her third marriage, to director Manfred Noa, only lasted a few months. Eva started dating producer Rudolf Sieber. When he left her for Marlene Dietrich she slashed her wrists. It was one of several suicide attempts she had made. Then she fell in love with director Fritz Mandl (who was also her second cousin). She was devastated when he refused to marry her. On September 10, 1924 the twenty-two year old committed suicide by shooting herself in the head. In her hand she clutched a photo of Fritz Mandl. Eva left a note that said "Fritz family object - always there is something to mar my happiness - Life is not worth living". Thousands of friends and fans attended her funeral in Vienna. She was cremated and her ashes were given to her parents. - Born in 1892 in Bavaria, Joseph "Sepp" Dietrich came of age during Imperial Germany's height of power in the early 20th century. After leaving primary school, he became an apprentice butcher. In 1911 he joined a Bavarian artillery regiment, but left the army some months later when he was invalided out due to injuries received in a fall from a horse. In 1914, at the start of the First World War, he again joined the army and, in 1916, was promoted to Vizefeldwebel (Sergeant) and assigned as an NCO in one of the German army's first panzer (tank) units. He became one of the army's most decorated tank commanders and one of its first tank aces. When the war ended in 1918, Dietrich was discharged from the army and returned to Bavaria, where he joined the Munich police department. In 1923 he became a member of the radical right-wing veterans organization called Stahlhelm and, in that capacity, was first introduced to the Nazi party. That same year he joined the Nazi Strumabteilung (SA Storm Troopers) and served as an SA trooper in the Nazis' Munich headquarters. In 1925 Dietrich resigned from the SA and the Nazi party, after Adolf Hitler was arrested during the abortive attempt to seize control of the Bavarian government known as the "Beer Hall Putsch". For the next three years Dietrich was basically unemployed, with occasional odd jobs in Munich. In 1928, after the Nazi party had regrouped and again was gaining power in Germany, Dietrich returned and was assigned to a special unit of the SA Storm Troopers called the Schutzstaffel (SS). He joined the SS on August 1, 1928, and was appointed as an SS-Führer (Officer) at the party's National Headquarters in Munich. In his new position he was charged with forming a personal bodyguard unit for Hitler, which was named the "Stosstrupp Adolf Hitler" (Shock Troops of Adolf Hitler). At this stage in Nazi history the SS was still a very small unit and Dietrich commanded less than 20 troopers. By September 1929, though, the SS was under the command of Heinrich Himmler, who greatly expanded and modernized the organization. On September 19th, Dietrich was promoted to the newly created rank of SS-Standartenführer (Colonel) and placed in command of all SS units in Bavaria, in addition to his duties as commander of Hitler's Munich bodyguard (now known as the Stabswache, "Staff Guard", and now numbering over 200). A year later, in July 1930, Dietrich was promoted to SS-Oberführer (Brigadier General) and appointed Leader of the SS Group South, in charge of all SS formations throughout lower Germany. In 1931 Himmler again expanded and reorganized the SS, and Dietrich was assigned to the leadership staff of SS-Abschnitt (Brigade) IV North. In December of that year he was promoted to SS-Gruppenführer (Lieutenant General) and, by this time, had also been elected to the German Reichstag (parliament) as the representative for Lower Bavaria. On October 1, 1932, Dietrich was promoted to Commander of the entire SS Group North, a position which he held until the Nazis came to power in 1933. On January 30, 1933, after Hitler had become Chancellor of Germany, Dietrich was recalled to his original position as Hitler's bodyguard commander, and ordered to form a special unit that would come to Berlin to serve as the new Chancellory Guard. The result was the creation of the SS-Stabswache Berlin which, in the summer of 1933, was renamed the SS-Leibstandarte Adolf Hitler (Life Guards of Adolf Hitler). In October 1933, while serving as the full-time commander of the Leibstandarte, Dietrich received a further appointment as the Allgemeine-SS (General-SS) commander of SS-Group East, encompassing the cities and states surrounding Berlin. In the meantime Dietrich was lobbying with Hitler to have the Liebstandarte recognized as a regular military unit and to do away with the SA Storm Troopers, who still exercised control over the SS. In June 1934 Dietrich's entreaties paid off, as the SS was ordered to move against the SA and Dietrich personally commanded several SS execution squads which killed over 16 senior SA officers. In an action known as the "Night of the Long Knives", much of the senior SA leadership was murdered and the SS removed from SA control, the Liebstandarte was recognized as a regular branch of the German military and Dietrich received a promotion to SS-Obergruppenführer (General). At the same time his Allgemeine-SS command was expanded and he became the Commander of SS-Oberabschnitt East (Division East). For the next five years Dietrich's SS career was at a standstill; however, opportunity presented itself with the beginning of World War II in 1939. The SS-Liebstandarte was equipped as a military brigade of the German army, and distinguished itself in several major battles in Poland. During the French campaign of 1940 the Liebstandarte had been expanded to division strength and, following the fall of Paris and the surrender of France, Dietrich was awarded the Knight's Cross with Oak Leaves. By the end of 1940, with the creation of the Waffen-SS as a regular unit of the German military, Dietrich was promoted to the rank of General der Waffen-SS. In 1941 Germany invaded the Soviet Union and Dietrich again led the Leibstandarte into battle. He was awarded Swords to his Knight's Cross with Oak Leaves, and in July 1943 was selected to command the 1st SS Panzer Corps. After being awarded the Diamonds to his Knight's Cross, Dietrich was promoted to the rank of SS-Oberstgruppenführer und Generaloberst der Waffen-SS (Colonel General). Dietrich was one of only four persons in the SS to hold this rank, with date of rank listed as April 26, 1942. In 1944 Dietrich was assigned to command the 6th SS Panzer Army and was a major figure in the Battle of Normandy and the Battle of the Bulge. However, in 1945, with Germany crumbling and the war drawing to a close, Dietrich surrendered to the Allies rather than committing suicide, as many of his senior Nazi colleagues had done, and ordered the men under his command to also surrender. In the summer of 1945, after Germany had surrendered, Dietrich was put on trial by an Allied court for war crimes and crimes against humanity. Convicted in 1946 for his part in the Malmedy massacre of 1944, in which dozens of American soldiers captured in the Battle of the Bulge were taken to a field, herded into a group and machine-gunned to death by SS troops under Dietrich's command, he was sentenced to life in prison, but in 1947 the West German government, despite strenuous objections from the Allies, reduced his sentence to 25 years. In 1955 he was pardoned by the West German government but sent back to prison in 1957, after being convicted of manslaughter in the 1934 Night of the Long Knives killings. He served 18 months of a five-year term, being released in February of 1959. In the last years of his life Dietrich became a major advocate for the recognition of Waffen-SS soldiers as regular military veterans, in contrast to those SS members who had participated in the Holocaust and other war crimes, such as the Gestapo, SD and Death's Head Units (Totenkopf). Dietrich's efforts led to the recognition of the World War II Iron Cross as a continued military decoration of Germany, complete with pension rights, and Dietrich also was successful in petitioning the West German government to grant disability and welfare claims to Waffen-SS veterans. Sepp Dietrich died April 21, 1966 in Ludwigsburg, West Germany. He was buried with military honors in a funeral attended by over 1000 veterans of the Waffen-SS and the German military.
- Ernst Zündel was born on 24 April 1939 in Wildbad, Nazi Germany [now Bad Wildbad, Germany]. He was married to Ingrid Zündel, Irene Margarelli and Janick Larouche. He died on 5 August 2017 in Bad Wildbad, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
- Writer
- Director
- Music Department
Robert A. Stemmle was born on 10 June 1903 in Magdeburg, Germany. He was a writer and director, known for The Ballad of Berlin (1948), Sündige Grenze (1951) and Die unvollkommene Ehe (1959). He was married to Gerda Maurus and Annelise Lippert. He died on 24 February 1974 in Baden-Baden, Baden-Württemberg, West Germany.- Alfred Neubauer, born in Neutitschein in 1891, was the only son of a furniture-maker and as he grew up he developed a deep fondness for motors and racing cars, becoming with the years the manager of the Mercedes-Benz Grand Prix racing team from 1926 to 1955 with its famed Silver Arrow cars. While serving in the Austrian Army he started repairing military vehicles, and after WWI joined the Austro-Daimler, where Ferdinand Porsche named him chief tester. He drove in races until in 1926 he changed to racing team manager. This new job consisted in giving information to his pilots during the race using hand signs, flags and boards. Soon the Mercedes-Benz team got advantage over their rivals, specially after Mercedes launched the Silberpfeil (Silver Arrow) design. During the 30s the Silver Arrows were often driven by Rudolf Caracciola, Hermann Lang, Manfred von Brauchitsch and Richard Seaman (as a curiosity, the first three briefly appear together in The Stars Shine (1938) ). Each season Neubauer used to contract some foreign pilot, thus Fagioli, Chiron and Seaman enlarged the successful Mercedes-Benz mainly German team. In 1954 the design of the 300 model was adapted into a new racing car, the Mercedes-Benz 300SL, a model which would bring many victories in Grand Prix races, improving by far the pre-war model. Juan Manuel Fangio was under Neubauer's guidance World Champion in 1954 and 1955. Then in 1955 one of the team pilots, Pierre Levegh, had a terrible accident going over the fences onto the crowd and killing more than 80 people, Mercedes withdrew from racing and Neubauer retired from them too. He would remain in charge of Mercedes private drivers' section, training young drivers. He died in Stuttgart in August 1980.
- Fred Raul was born on 20 March 1913 in Allersdorf, Styria, Austria-Hungary [now Austria]. He was an actor, known for Bühne frei für Marika (1958), Wir haben eben geheiratet (1949) and Die Nacht vor der Premiere (1959). He was married to Marika Rökk. He died on 25 August 1985 in Baden bei Wien, Austria.
- Director
- Producer
- Writer
Lennart Bernadotte was born on 8 May 1909 in Stockholm, Stockholms län, Sweden. He was a director and producer, known for Kärlek och allsång (1944), Waldemarsudde (1943) and Havets melodi (1934). He was married to Sonja Bernadotte and Karin Emma Louise Nissvandt. He died on 21 December 2004 in Mainau Estate, Bodensee, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.- Actor
- Director
- Writer
Johannes Riemann was born on 31 May 1888 in Berlin, Germany. He was an actor and director, known for Ave Maria (1936), Ich heirate meine Frau (1934) and Liebe auf Befehl (1931). He died on 30 September 1959 in Konstanz, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.- Filip Müller was born on 3 January 1922 in Sered, Czechoslovakia [now Slovakia]. He died on 9 November 2013 in Mannheim, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
- Eberhard Feik was born on 23 November 1943 in Chemnitz, Saxony, Germany. He was an actor, known for Tatort (1970), Scene of the Crime: A Tooth for a Tooth (1985) and Zabou (1987). He was married to Anneli Feik-Wagner. He died on 18 October 1994 in Oberried, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
- She grew up in Tuttlingen as the fourth of seven children in a Protestant pastor's family. Her father, Helmut Ensslin, had studied in Tübingen and was in the "Normannia" fraternity there the fraternity brother of Kurt Rebmann, who later became Federal Prosecutor General, who in this position became Gudrun Ensslin's executive "opponent". In 1960 she graduated from a Catholic school. She then studied English, German and pedagogy at the Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen from 1960 to 1964 and later at the Free University of Berlin. Meanwhile, in 1963, together with the political writer Bernward Vesper, she founded the small publishing house "Studio for New Literature", which, however, only published publications.
In 1967, their son Felix Robert Ensslin was born from her relationship with Vesper. Like Ulrike Meinhof, Ensslin was a scholarship holder of the German National Academic Foundation. Involved in the student unrest of the late 1960s, Ensslin became increasingly involved in the extra-parliamentary opposition and wrote left-wing agitational writings. After the student Benno Ohnesorg was shot by a police officer during the Shah of Persia's visit to Berlin on June 2, 1967, she called for "violence against a violent state" in the office of the Socialist German Student Association. Meanwhile, it is believed that she made the acquaintance of Andreas Baader, who had gone underground.
The ideas of both should escalate into militant actions. Their willingness to use violence was directed, on the one hand, against the conservative Axel Springer publishing house, which sharply criticized the student activities, and, on the other hand, against the affluent society. After arsons in department stores on April 2, 1968, Ensslin was arrested and sentenced to three years in prison along with Andreas Baader, Thorwald Proll and Horst Söhnlein. The verdict became final in November 1969, whereupon Ensslin escaped arrest and fled to France with Andreas Baader. In 1970 he returned to the Federal Republic.
This was where she first came into contact with the Hamburg journalist Ulrike Meinhof, who in turn spoke out vehemently against the omnipotence of the state with the left-wing publication "konkret". Further contacts with like-minded people such as Holger Meins and Jan-Carl Raspe arose in the early 1970s. On May 14, 1970, Gudrun Ensslin, together with Ulrike Meinhof, organized the liberation of Andreas Baader, who had now been re-imprisoned, from prison. The Baader liberation is considered the birth of the "Baader-Meinhof Group". After bank robberies, they traveled to Jordan together with Holger Meins, Baader and Meinhof to join Palestinian guerrillas with other sympathizers, who trained them with weapons for their further actions.
In 1972 they returned to Germany again and, as the "Red Army Faction", took responsibility for terrorist attacks in May, which they carried out in Augsburg, Hamburg as well as in Karlsruhe and at the US Army headquarters in Heidelberg, in which four people were killed came. Gudrun Ensslin was arrested in Hamburg on June 7, 1972. Gudrun Ensslin was imprisoned in the high-security wing of the Stuttgart-Stammheim prison. The following years of negotiations were conducted in a purpose-built armored building, which was specially built for twelve million DM, right next to the grounds of the Stuttgart-Stammheim prison. On April 28, 1977, after almost two years of trial, the RAF prisoners were sentenced to life imprisonment.
On September 5, 1977, the RAF responded to the verdict by kidnapping Hanns-Martin Schleyer, President of the Confederation of German Employers' Associations. The RAF now demanded that the Federal Republic release Baader and eleven other members who were in custody. The demand was that each of them should receive 100,000 DM and be flown out of Germany. Chancellor Helmut Schmidt refused to give in to the demand and made it clear: "The Federal Republic of Germany cannot be blackmailed." On October 13, 1977, four Arab terrorists hijacked the Lufthansa plane "Landshut" on the flight from Mallorca to Frankfurt with a new destination of Mogadishu. There were 82 passengers and 5 crew members on board the "Landshut".
The Arab kidnappers thus joined the RAF and demanded the release of the RAF members imprisoned in Germany. On October 18, 1977, a special unit of the Federal Border Guard succeeded in a spectacular operation to free the hostages on the tarmac of Mogadishu Airport (Somalia). Just a few hours later, Gudrun Ensslin, Andreas Baader and Jan-Carl Raspe committed suicide after years of solitary confinement in the Stuttgart-Stammheim prison. All efforts of the police's attempts to find and free Hanns-Martin Schleyer were unsuccessful. On October 19, 1977, Hanns-Martin Schleyer was found dead in the trunk of a car.
Gudrun Ensslin was buried together with his two fellow prisoners Baader and Raspe in the Dornhaldenfriedhof in Stuttgart. - Music Department
- Composer
- Soundtrack
Bernhard Kaun was an American film score composer and orchestrator, primarily active from the early 1930s to the late 1950s. He is primarily remembered by horror fans for composing the score of the gothic horror film "Frankenstein" (1931). Kaun served for over a decade at Warner Bros., and composed the scores of many crime and mystery films for this studio.- Director
- Writer
- Second Unit Director or Assistant Director
Theo Mezger was born on 10 August 1923 in Germany. He was a director and writer, known for Raumpatrouille - Die phantastischen Abenteuer des Raumschiffes Orion (1966), Lawinenpatrouille (1973) and Fernfahrer (1963). He was married to Eva Haefeli and Annette Kraneis-Metzger. He died on 3 July 2023 in Vaihingen an der Enz, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.- Camera and Electrical Department
Götz Hirt-Reger was born in 1921 in Leipzig, Saxony, Germany. He is known for Mitteldeutschland unterm Hakenkreuz (2017), Die Kriegsberichter (1998) and Der gescheiterte Blitzkrieg (1998). He died in 2008 in Baden, Lower Austria, Austria.- Actress
- Writer
Elsa Bassermann was born on 14 January 1878 in Leipzig, Germany. She was an actress and writer, known for Der eiserne Wille (1917), Dr. Schotte (1918) and Das Werk seines Lebens (1919). She was married to Albert Bassermann. She died on 30 May 1961 in Baden-Baden, Germany.- Ernst Jünger was born on 29 March 1895 in Heidelberg, Grand Duchy of Baden [now Baden-Württemberg], Germany. He was a writer, known for La guerre d'un seul homme (1981), Die Ungenierten kommen - What happened to Magdalena Jung? (1983) and Le rouge et le gris, Ernst Jünger dans la grande guerre (2017). He was married to Liselotte Lohrer and Gretha von Jeinsen. He died on 17 February 1998 in Riedlingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
- Dietz Werner was born in Waiblingen in Baden-Wuerttemberg. His grandfather Caspar Alberti was an actor in Nuremberg. This animated Dietz Werner at an early age to imitate his fellow human beings especially the local pharmacist which made it difficult for the family to get medicine at the only pharmacy. He went to Rudolf Steiner School where his artistic gifts were encouraged and his desire to become an actor grew. After his three-year training in Stuttgart his first engagement led him to Lueneburg. Engagements at the Wuerttemberg national theatre Stuttgart followed where he remained for more than 30 years. He played the whole spectrum from classical to modern, large and small roles. There Swabian author Felix Huby saw him on stage and had found the personification of his famed Stuttgart superintendent Bientzle. Since 1990 Dietz Werner does two episodes of "Tatort - Superindendent Bientzle" a year. Now also different television offers came pouring in. However, Steck remained faithful to the theatre and played the "Goetz of Berlichingen" at the original setting in Jagsthausen. In Stuttgart he performed in Moliere's "The Miser" as "Entaklemmer" (Swabian title) in his best Swabian dialect. In best Saxonian dialect he played composer Richard Wagner at the premiere of the musical "Ludwig II" in Fuessen/Bavaria. Presently he performs on stage in Stuttgart at the "Komoedie im Marquardt" with Walter Schultheiss in Felix Huby's play "Gruess Gott Herr Minischter" until March 2005. He lives with his wife Hannah in Stuttgart.